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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 279-288.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00051

• • 上一篇    

黑河源区主要下垫面土壤粒径分形特征及其影响因素

刁二龙1(), 曹广超1(), 刘英2, 赵美亮1   

  1. 1.青海师范大学 地理科学学院 青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室/青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,青海 西宁 810008
    2.青海农牧业工程咨询有限公司,青海 西宁 810008
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-04 修回日期:2025-03-17 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 曹广超
  • 作者简介:刁二龙(1991—),男,山西大同人,博士研究生,研究方向为环境地表过程与生态响应研究。E-mail: 1530875132@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2023-ZJ-907M)

Soil's fractal characteristics and influencing factors of main underlying surface in the source area of Heihe River

Erlong Diao1(), Guangchao Cao1(), Ying Liu2, Meiliang Zhao1   

  1. 1.Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process / Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface and Ecological Consorvation (Ministry of Education),College of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China / MOE
    2.Qinghai Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Engineering Consulting Corporation,Xining 810008,China
  • Received:2024-12-04 Revised:2025-03-17 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-26
  • Contact: Guangchao Cao

摘要:

为探究黑河源区主要下垫面土壤粒径分形特征及其影响因素,以黑河源区高寒草甸为研究对象,测定0~40 cm土壤粒径及其他土壤理化指标,并提取各采样点环境因子,利用主成分分析和曼特尔检验量化各因子对土壤粒径分形特征的影响程度,使用偏最小二乘路径模型探究环境因子间的作用对土壤分形特征的影响。结果表明:高寒草甸土壤粒径分布遵循黏粒域、粉粒域和砂粒域3个尺度域,3个域的边界基本上接近美国制黏粒、粉粒和砂粒的界限。0~40 cm,粉粒域分形维数(Dsilt)均值为2.33,砂粒域分形维数(Dsand)均值为2.84。多重分形参数表现为D0(容量维)>D1(信息维)>D2(关联维),土壤粒径呈非均匀性分布。土壤粒径是影响土壤分形特征的关键因子,地形因子通过对水热资源的再分配影响着植被的生长和土壤质地的粗糙程度,间接影响土壤粒径分形特征。

关键词: 土壤粒径, 分形维数, 高寒草甸, 黑河源区

Abstract:

To investigate the fractal characteristics and influencing factors of soil particle size in the primary underlying surface of the Heihe River source area, this study focused on the alpine meadow in that region. Soil particle size from 0 to 40 cm depth, along with various physical and chemical indicators, were measured, and environmental factors at each sampling point were extracted. Principal component analysis and the Mantel test were employed to quantify the influence of each factor on the fractal characteristics of soil particle size. Additionally, a partial least squares path model was utilized to explore the effects of interactions among environmental factors on soil fractal characteristics. The results showed that the particle size distribution of alpine meadow soil could be divided into three scale domains: clay domain, silt domain, and sand domain. The boundaries of these domains were largely consistent with the U.S. standard classifications for clay, silt, and sand. The mean fractal dimension of the silt domain (Dsilt) within the 0-40 cm soil layer was 2.33, while that of the sand domain (Dsand) was 2.84. The multifractal dimension parameters, namely D0 (capacity dimension), D1 (information dimension), and D2 (association dimension), exhibit the order D0 > D1 > D2, indicating a non-uniform distribution of soil particle sizes. Soil particle size is a critical factor influencing the fractal characteristics of soil. Topographic factors play a significant role in vegetation growth and the roughness of soil texture by redistributing water and heat resources, which in turn indirectly impacts the fractal characteristics of soil particle size.

Key words: soil particle size, fractal dimension, alpine meadow, the source area of Heihe River

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